USOS E POTENCIALIDADES DAS MEDIDAS DE SUSCETIBILIDADE MAGNÉTICA NOS SOLOS DA AMAZÔNIA: UMA REVISÃO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22408/reva702022741e-7019Resumo
A demanda por métodos alternativos de avaliação qualitativa do solo que auxiliem no planejamento e tomada de decisão agrícola e política tem crescido nas últimas décadas. O alto custo e tempo necessário para levantamentos de campo são entraves que oneram a obtenção de conhecimento para o correto manejo do solo e das culturas agrícolas. Assim, o uso de propriedades magnéticas tem tido destaque no cenário mundial, pois são propriedades inerentes às partículas constituintes dos minerais que compõem o solo, sedimentos e rochas, indicando seu potencial uso como ferramenta pedométrica. A suscetibilidade magnética (SM) do solo, se aplicada para determinada região, tipo de solo ou superfície geomórfica, pode ser utilizada como uma ferramenta pedométrica que facilita a aquisição de informações acerca dos fatores de formação do solo, da própria estimação dos atributos físicos e químicos, ou ainda das mudanças nas propriedades do solo ocorridas pelas constantes conversões da floresta amazonica para cultivos agrícolas. Para isso, técnicas estatísticas multivariadas e geoestatísticas são fundamentais para avaliar a concentração da SM, sua distribuição e variação espacial nos solos do Amazonas, assim como evidenciar a influência das bactérias na formação de minerais magnéticos in-situ. Por isso, medições de SM devem ser incorporadas as tradicionais análises de solo para construção de um banco de dados, para sua posterior calibração como proxie ou como modelos baseados em processos ou em simples correlações. Estes modelos podem ser calibrados não só para a aquisição de conhecimento envolta da ciência do solo, como também de inferências para as ciências geológias e paleo-ambientais.
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